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The economic history of Indonesia is shaped by its geographic location, its natural resources, as well as its people that inhabited the archipelagic realm that today formed the modern nation of the Republic of Indonesia. The foreign contacts and international trades with foreign counterparts also had shaped and sealed the fate of Indonesian archipelago, as Indians, Chinese, Arabs, and finally European traders reached the archipelago during the Age of Exploration and participated in spice trade, war and conquest. By early 17th century, the Dutch East India Company, one of the earliest multinational company in world's economic history, has established their base in Indonesian archipelago as they monopolised spice trade from the archipelago. By 1800 the Dutch East Indies colonial state would emerged and benefited from cash crop trades of coffee, tea, quinine, rubber and palm oil from the colony, also from mining sector of oil, coal, tin and copper. The colonial state would be succeeded by Indonesian Republic after the World War II. By early 21st century, Indonesia rose to be the largest economy in Southeast Asia, as one of the emerging market economies of the world, a member of G-20 major economies and classified as a newly industrialised country.〔(What is the G-20 ), g20.org. Retrieved 6 October 2009.〕 ==Ancient kingdoms== Initially the economy of most of villages and polities in the archipelago relied heavily on rice agriculture, as well as trading of forests products; such as tropical fruits, hunted animals, plant resins, rattan and hardwood. Ancient kingdoms such as the Tarumanagara and Mataram were dependent on rice yields and tax. The archipelago since a long time ago was known for its abundance of natural resources; spices such as nutmeg and cloves from Maluku Islands, pepper and cubeb from Southern Sumatra and West Java, rice from Java, gold, copper and tin from Sumatra, Borneo and the islands in between, camphor resin from port of Barus, sappan and sandalwood from Lesser Sunda Islands, hardwoods from Borneo, ivory and rhino's horn from Sumatra and exotic bird feathers from eastern Indonesia are among a few products sought by traders worldwide. This foreign contact was started by small Indianised trading kingdoms in early 4th century that nurtured contacts with other major civilisations in Asian mainland; India and China. Benefited by its strategic location on thriving maritime trade route between India and China, polities in Indonesian archipelago soon would grow into a thriving, strong, and cosmopolitan trading empire such as Srivijaya that rose in the 7th century. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Economic history of Indonesia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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